IEEE SF / IAS Power Engineering Seminar
Friday, March 1, 2013 – Hilton Pleasanton
Download Presentations Here:
Switching Transients Associated with Medium Voltage Circuit Breakers, David Shipp, Eaton Electric
Power System Analysis (Jim Phillips) - hardcopy only
Motor Acceleration and Transient Stability, Hugo Albert Marroquin, ETAP
Session 1: Vacuum Circuit Breaker Switching Transients
Switching transients associated with
circuit breakers have been observed for many years. Recently this
phenomenon has been attributed to a significant number of transformer failures
involving primary circuit breaker switching. These transformer failures
had common contributing factors such as 1) primary vacuum or SF-6 breaker, 2)
short cable or bus connection to transformer, and 3) application involving
dry-type or cast coil transformers and some liquid filled. This paper
will review these recent transformer failures due to primary circuit breaker
switching transients to show the severity of damage caused by the voltage surge
and discuss the common contributing factors. Next, switching transient
simulations in the electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) will give case
studies which illustrate how breaker characteristics of current chopping and
re-strike combine with critical circuit characteristics to cause transformer
failure. Design and installation considerations will be addressed,
especially the challenges of retrofitting a snubber to an existing facility
with limited space. Finally, several techniques and equipment that have proven
to successfully mitigate the breaker switching transients will be presented
including surge arresters, surge capacitors, snubbers and these in combination.
Speaker: Dave D. Shipp, PE, (S’72-M’72-SM’92-F’02)
Dave received the B.S.E.E. degree from The Oregon State
University, Corvallis, Oregon, in 1972. He is a Principal Engineer for
Eaton Corporation’s Electrical Services and Systems Division and a Fellow
Engineer in the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE).
He is a distinguished scholar in power system analysis and has worked in a wide
variety of industries. Over the last few years, he has pioneered the
design and application of arc-flash solutions, modifying power systems to greatly
reduce incident energy exposure. Present day topics cover switching transient
induced failures of transformers. He has written over 85 technical papers
on power system analysis topics. More than 12 technical papers have been
published in IEEE/IAS national magazines and two in EC&M. He spent ten
years as a professional instructor, teaching full time. He occasionally serves
as a legal expert witness with a specialty in forensics (failure analysis). Mr.
Shipp is currently the Chair for the IEEE I&CPS-sponsored Working Group on
generator grounding. He has received an Industry Applications Society
(IAS)/IEEE Prize Paper Award for one of his papers and conference prize paper
awards for six others. He received the 2011 IEEE Richard H. Kaufmann award.
He is very active in IEEE at the national level and helps write the IEEE Color
Book series standards.
Session 2 - Power System Analysis
The morning presentation will cover
three important topics related to power system analysis: short circuit
analysis, coordination studies, and arc flash analysis.
Short
Circuit Analysis
|
Coordination
Studies
|
Arc
Flash Analysis
|
Source Impedance
Conductor Impedance
Transformer Impedance
Analysis Methods
Motor Contribution
Interrupting and Withstand Ratings
Series Ratings
|
Selective Coordination Concepts
Understanding Time Current Curves
Molded Case Circuit Breakers
Adjustable Circuit Breakers
Electronic Trip Circuit Breakers
Fuses
Protective Relays
|
Background of IEEE 1584
Arcing Circuit Current
Calculations
Grounded vs. Ungrounded
Incident Energy Calculations
Working Distance
Low Short Circuit Current / High
Incident Energy
Discussion of New IEEE 1584
Calculations
2 Second cut off interpretation
|
Speaker: Jim Phillips, PE
- Founder, Brainfiller
Jim is a Registered Professional
Engineer and his experience includes everything from planning transmission
systems, to design and analysis of industrial, commercial and utility power
systems, cogeneration plant design, expert witness and forensic
analysis. In 1987, Jim began his training company,
Brainfiller.com. He has developed over 25 different training programs
ranging from protective relaying to various power system analysis topics,
grounding, arc flash studies, NEC®, NFPA 70E® and more. He has written
numerous articles about electrical power systems and has a regular column about
arc flash and electrical safety for Electrical Contractor Magazine. He has
also written several articles that have been published in Europe and created
the internationally known website: ArcFlashForum.com.
Jim is a member of the IEEE P1584
IEEE Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations, Vice-Chairman of IEEE
1584.1, Guide for the Specification of Scope and Deliverable Requirements for
an Arc-Flash Hazard Calculation Study in Accordance with IEEE 1584, a member of
ASTM F18 Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers, is a representative of
the United States for the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TC 78
Live Working, and IEC 61482-1-2 “Box Test Method” as well as many other
national and international committees and organizations.
Jim earned a BSEE Degree in
Electrical Engineering from the Ohio State. His career began with Square D
Company’s Power System Analysis Group where he was responsible for power system
studies, software development and training at their engineering training.
Later, Jim was with Ohio Edison Company where he performed transmission
planning studies and then headed up the short circuit studies group.
Session 3: Motor
Acceleration & Transient Stability – Load Shedding
Motor Acceleration: This presentation will cover basics of how an
induction motor works and its fundamental components. A discussion on the motor
construction and type (i.e. NEMA MG-1 Design letters) and its influence on the
acceleration time, acceleration torque and load will also be presented. The
modeling approaches (static vs. dynamic) will be
presented using practical applications to help the engineer select the correct
motor starting analysis. Different types of motor starting schemes
including variable or adjustable speed drive applications will be compared. The
presentation will also discuss some practical issues like the impact of the
number of motor starts (depending on the type of motor design), load profile
selection (i.e. reciprocating or cyclic loads) and the impact of the motor
acceleration process in the selection and sizing of the motor.
Transient Stability: This presentation will discuss the conventional
methods of system load shedding and provide guidelines on how to determine the
correct amount of load to be shed to prevent system instability. This
presentation will also cover the basics of system frequency control, the impact
of exciters and governors on the load shedding schemes and the different load
shedding schemes like breaker interlocks, under frequency relays and PLC based
load shedding. An introduction to modeling and data preparation and transient
stability study outputs will precede this presentation to provide some
fundamental background.
Speaker: Hugo Albert Marroquin, BScEE, PE – V.P., Validation & Verification,
ETAP
Mr. Albert Marroquin is a registered
professional engineer in the state of California. He is the product
manager for ETAP’s User-Defined Dynamic Modeling Program. In this area, Mr.
Marroquin has gained expertise in modeling exciters, governors, power system
stabilizers and general system dynamics including motor acceleration and
general dynamic system models. He is also the main designer and product manager
for ETAP’s Arc Flash program as well as a working group member of IEEE 1584,
IEEE 1458 and an active contributor to NFPA 70E committees. He has
recently become a working group member of IEEE P1814™/D1 (Draft Recommended
Practice for Electrical System Design Techniques to Improve Electrical
Safety).
Albert joined Operation Technology,
Inc (ETAP) in January 2001 as an Electrical Engineer; his current position with
ETAP is Vice President of Validation and Verification. In this position, he is
responsible for overseeing the validation and verification of most ETAP
modules. He has expertise in the guidelines and standards for several
areas including Load Flow, Short-Circuit (ANSI and IEC), Arc Flash, Transient
Stability and DC Systems. The V&V of the results for the majority of
ETAP modules and the supervision of several electrical engineers also fall
under his responsibilities. He is also an advanced power system modeling instructor
for the ETAP training program.
